Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. . Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
2
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
3
Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
4
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.-Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and HealthSciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Abstract
Background: Acrylamide (ACR) is a food toxin capable to produce severe harm to human health.ACR is a hydrosoluble monomer that affects several organs, particularly the liver. Variable antitoxic agents and natural products were suggested to counteract ACR-induced impairs. Black Truffles (BT) are rich in useful compounds and offer a valuable detoxifying agent. Aim: This study aims to identify the aptitude of BT extracts in comparison to Vitamin E to attenuate or overcome the induced toxic effect of ACR by investigating the antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in liver tissue homogenates. The coexistence of histopathological, CD4 and COX-2 immune staining was also targeted. Methods: The effects of BT at a dose of 400 mg/kg in an active aqueous and methanolic solvent were estimated in 50 healthy male albino Wistar rats intoxicated with ACR (0.11 mg/kg) in 30 % fried rice. The effects of BT extracts are compared to those of vitamin E (100gm/kg). The rats are classified into five groups (10 rats each); control (group I); ACR (group II), vitamin E (group III), BT water extract (group IV), and BT methanol extract group (V). In vitro estimation of vital metabolites in BT extract and their antioxidant activity were identified. In addition, liver cell function, cellular enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status, and liver histopathological and immunohistochemical changes were identified. Results: BT at a dose of 400 mg/kg in aqueous and methanolic extract significantly improved liver function, histology, and antioxidant status compared to vitamin E and ACR-treated rats. The results showed significant improvement in the levels of AST, ALT, bilirubin, albumin, and MDA, 8-Oxo-dG, SOD, CAT, TAC as antioxidant markers, and liver weight to body ratio in BT extract-treated rats. Liver sections of BT-treated groups (IV & V) showed an improved picture with minimal hepatocytes changes. CD4 and COX-2 immunohistochemical staining and area fraction showed decreased reactivity in groups (III, IV & V) with the changes markers significantly improved in BT-treated rats compared to intoxicated ACR ones. The results suggested that BT extracts significantly improved acrylamide liver toxicity via antioxidant and antiapoptotic pathways. Conclusion: BT extracts significantly improved ACR-induced liver toxicity on both biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical levels.
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